Cough and Whooping Cough Symptoms and Herbal Treatments

If substances such as dust or excess secretions irritate the airways or lungs, they may be relieved by cough. These stimuli trigger nerve receptors in the airways to send messages to the brain that cause a coughing response. Coughing is a protective response of the body that helps clear irritants or substances that block the airways. If sputum is produced, it causes a cough. If the cough is not accompanied by sputum, it is called a dry cough. Many coughs are caused by short-term irritation of the respiratory tract and generally resolve on their own. In other cases, cough can be a sign of serious lung failure that requires medical treatment.

Many coughs are caused by the irritation of the upper airways (larynx and trachea) due to inhaled particles or due to some foods, such as peanuts, which enter the airways and cause a severe cough. Gastro-oesophgeal reflux which is a failure in which acidic stomach fluids enter the esophagus, can also be a reason for chronic and urgent coughs. A more severe cough may indicate lung damage due to swelling which has happened because of an infection such as pneumonia caused by bacteria or severe bronchitis.

In asthma, the airways of the lungs are narrowed and swollen, or it produces a cough that usually gets worse at night or after physical activity. The lungs can also be damaged by smoking, which causes a condition called smoker’s cough. Such a cough can indicate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Smokers’ cough is usually more severe in the morning before the lungs clear the mucus that has gathered in them. Smoking damages the tiny hairs (cilia) which exist inside the airways and remove excess mucus from the lungs.

If the smoker’s cough is long-term and suddenly becomes more severe and increases in number, this change requires immediate medical treatment. This disease can also occur as a side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, which are used to treat high blood pressure and heart problems.

In this article, we are going to introduce the different types of coughs from traditional Iranian medicine point of view and their treatments through herbs and food. Stay with us.

Effective Actions

Most coughs get better after a few days without the need for treatment. If it continues for more than 2 weeks, you should consult a doctor. If severe or painful cough is accompanied by blood or with symptoms such as chest pain or shortness of breath, you should get medical help.

You can relieve a mild cough with repeated cough suppressants. For example, some coughs are resolved by taking antitussive drugs that prevent further irritation and coughing. Of course, such drugs should not be used in the case of cough accompanied by excretory substances, because coughing is a natural mechanism of the body to clear and remove excess mucus from the lungs. Steam inhalation can also soften the mucus and relieve cough.

Types of Cough in Traditional Iranian Medicine Cough may be sudden or permanent, rare or intermittent, painless or painful, simple and silent or resounding and strong, weak and short or long and big, small and noisy or quiet and silent, dry or moist and normal or artificial. A cough that resembles artificial is called strong. However, the strength of it depends on the elasticity and muscles of the lungs. A weak cough is a cough that cannot reach the intensity of a normal cough during exhalation. A weak cough can be seen in pulmonary emphysema, bronchitis, pneumonia, pleurisy, and swelling of the intercostal muscles, which are generally painful. Cough may be rare, constant, frequent or temporary. A rare cough is seen in pleurisy and pneumonia.

Many coughs are seen in bronchitis diseases and painless coughs are seen in chronic dry inflammation of the trachea and some chronic lung diseases.

Cough resonance is the strength of vibration of the dry vocal cords of trachea, which is proportional to the strength and pressure of the vocal cords, the length of the trachea and the weakness of its mucus. Meanwhile, the appearance of cough may be loud, silent, dry or moist.

Wet Cough

It carries some mucus or secretions to the big tubes of the bronchus, trachea, and larynx when the air comes out of the lungs.

Dry Cough

A cough without secretion is called dry. Like in pleurisy.

Long Cough

There is usually a short and deep exhalation when coughing. In these cases, the trachea remains not fully opened or partially closed, and the exhaled air collides with the vocal cords and produces a short and concise sound.

The following test on the chest area and its secretions is important in the diagnosis of various diseases:

Examine of the chest area, which consists of recognizing different types of inhaling and exhaling movements and their inconsistency. The breathing movements of a patient with tuberculosis are the contraction and expansion of the outer wall of the chest.

This action depends on the activity and intensity of the intercostal breathing muscles, the mentioned muscles expand the longitudinal and horizontal diameter of the chest. This action is fully observed in pleuritic disease in such a way that the chest shows its regular movement. The contraction of the diaphragm moves the ribs away from each other and closer to each other, in addition, the pressure from the lungs transfers the air to the intestines and the contents of the abdominal cavity, and when exhaling, the diaphragm expands and is pushed forward by the intestines and the ribs go up and down.

Therefore, the increase in the number of inhaling and breathing during movement and signs in the lungs and also at rest is variable, especially in lung swelling (in pneumonia, etc.) and if suddenly inhaling and breathing decreases, it can be the symptom of a severe and dangerous disease. Like the late stage of tuberculosis, which means third degree tuberculosis, where the breath and inhale seem calm and slow.

In general, three things should be considered in each breath: the type of inhaling, the intensity of inhaling, the rhythm and sound of inhaling.

When the breathing muscles become painful, breathing movements of the chest and sides will take place with tremors, and that state is called trembling breathing. This type of exhalation is seen in tuberculosis, pulmonary emphysema, and pneumonia during the period when the lung tissues turn to crimson.

Sometimes, as a result of the decrease in the breathing power of the lungs, exhalation becomes faster and the air which exit from the lungs hits an obstacle. Such as people suffering from pneumonia and severe pleurisy, and according to doctors, pneumothorax and phthisis (pulmonary tuberculosis), as well as in all diseases where blood purification and the exchange of carbon dioxide with oxygen are hindered. At the beginning of tuberculosis disease, the air inside the lungs becomes thinner than normal and the chest wall forms pulmonary ascites or parasitic cavities of tuberculosis due to the secretion in the pleural membrane.

In tuberculosis disease, due to purulent boils, the breathing sounds completely like drum and hollow. Sometimes, if the surrounding tuberculous and parasitic cavities become thin and soft, it gives a metallic sound. In large tuberculous cavities, especially when the lungs become crimson, the sound of a cracked pottery jar can be heard, or the sound of a person’s hands clasped together and hit on his knee is heard.

Different Coughs Herbal Treatments If you have a cough for any reason, avoid smoking, going to places where the weather is polluted and dusty, eating pickles, spicy and fried foods, ice water, very cold drinks, and ice cream. Instead, use more of the following foods: Fresh figs, dried peaches, Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.), almonds, pistachios, hazelnuts, milk, almond porridge, sweet almond oil, boiled egg yolk, boiled lentil juice, watermelon peel jam made with high quality honey, cooked spinach, fenugreek with honey, fresh leeks with boiled chicken, hazelnut oil, quince seed mucilage (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), alyssum seed (Alyssum alyssoides), plantain leaves and seeds (Plantago major L.), Lallemantia, basil seeds (Ocimum basilicum L.), watermelon seed extract, sweet violet syrup (Viola odorata L.),

water lily syrup (Nymphaea alba L.), raw turnip juice, Jujube syrup (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), quince jam, boiled leek juice, a little bit of bitter almond with starch, Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), manna of hedysarum, trehala manna, wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf.), alfalfa seed, licorice root extract (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), mung beans, green peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), assyrian plum (Cordia myxa L.), leek, Chinese rhubarb (Rheum officinale), and coffee. You can also use black seed incense.

To relieve it, mix cooked starch with sweet almond oil, sweeten it a little and eat it warm gradually.

• Take fresh basil juice and mix it with milk and drink it.
• Mix 3 grams of pounded gum Arabic (Senegalia Senegal) with boiling water and drink it warm gradually.
• Grind the resin of the cherry or sour cherry tree and eat it with lukewarm water.
• Cook some figs and drink its juice.
• Dissolve the starch in sweet pomegranate juice and sweeten it with sugar and drink it.
• Eat 30 grams of tallow gradually on an empty stomach.
• Brew 50 grams of apple tree blossoms in one liter of boiling water, then filter the water and drink it during the day.
• Boil ajwain seeds (Trachyspermum ammi), maidenhair fern leaves (Adiantum capillus-veneris L.) and figs together and drink its decoction.
• Grind some marshmallow flowers (Althaea officinalis L.) and some jujube fruit (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) and boil them for 20 minutes. Inhale its steam and drink its decoction.
• Brew 50 grams of quince tree flowers (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) in one liter of boiling water, then drink the filtered decoction throughout the day.
• Brew Indian lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) and drink a cup of its filtered decoction between two meals.
• Brew thirty grams of fig tree leaves in one liter of boiling water. Drink one third of its decoction every morning, noon and night.
• Cut a bitter orange in half. Sprinkle some grinded rock candy on half of it and some starch on the other half and put it on a gentle fire until it boils a bit and then pour their juice into a glass and drink it.
• Grind fifteen raw almonds with their hard shell and boil them in half a liter of milk, then filter and drink it.
• Grate black radish (Raphanus sativus), then sprinkle the grated rock candy on it and keep it in a cool place for a day until a thick syrup is formed. Or make a hole in the middle of a black radish and fill it with pounded rock candy and keep it in a cool place for a day until the rock candy turns into syrup and eat a tablespoon of it every hour.
• Half crushed jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) 100 grams. Assyrian Plum fruits (Cordia myxa L.) and lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) 15 grams each. Germander (Teucrium), Persian borage (Echium amoenum), maidenhair fern flower (Adiantum capillus-veneris L.), and hyssop flower (Hyssopus officinalis L.) 10 grams each, divide them into 7 equal parts after mixing and grinding them. Boil one part of it every morning before breakfast, then filter it and sweeten and drink it.
• Cut 100 grams of jujubes into pieces and cook them completely in six liters of water and mash them, then put them in a cloth and strain them with water pressure. Add a kilo of sugar to it and boil. Then keep it in a cool place and eat two tablespoons of it every hour.
• Boil 7 grams of bitter hazelnut root once a day and drink its decoction.
• Soak 50 grams of sweet almonds in lukewarm water and peel after soaking. Grind it in a mortar in which you have poured a small amount of cold water until it becomes a paste, then add 50 grams of honey or sugar and eat it gradually.
• Infuse 20 grams of dry oregano flowering stems (Origanum vulgare L.) in one liter of boiling water for 12 minutes, then filter it and sweeten with honey and drink a cup of it every morning, noon and night before meals.
• Boil 30 grams of sweet violet flowers (Viola odorata L.) in one liter of cold water and infuse for 15 minutes. Then filter and sweeten it. Drink 1 tablespoon every two hours.
• 15 grams of white tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer). Grind gum Arabic (Senegalia Senegal) and quince seeds (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) 7 grams each, mix together and grind it. Then make it into a stiff paste with a little water and use it to make pills the size of a pea and take two pills every morning, noon and night.
• Boil 15 grams of Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora Boiss.) in one liter of water, then filter it, and mix 250 grams of honey with it and eat one tablespoon of it every hour.
• Infuse 10 grams of hyssop flowers (Hyssopus officinalis L.) in one liter of boiling water for 15 minutes, then strain the water and sweeten it with honey and drink it throughout the day.
• Soak 50 grams of dry lemon in a liter of cold water for 2 hours, then boil for a few minutes and infuse for about 10 minutes. Filter and sweeten its decoction with honey and drink a cup of it every morning, noon and night.
• Crush 50 grams of licorice root and boil in one liter of water for 5 minutes. Leave it aside for 12 hours, then drink its decoction gradually (those with high blood pressure should not use this prescription).
• Grind a handful of hard almond shell and boil it for half an hour, then strain the decoction, add a few drops of lemon juice, sweeten it and drink it.
• Mix 20 grams of raw pistachio nuts, raw almond nuts, raw chilgoza pine seed (Pinus gerardiana), and flax seeds with 50 grams of sugar and grind until it is soft. Every morning, noon and night before meals, put a tablespoon of syrup in your mouth and drink it with water.
• Persian Borage flower (Echium Amoenum), white sandalwood (Santalum album), peony root (Paeonia), and maidenhair fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris L.) 5 grams each. 10 grams of aniseed (Pimpinella anisum) and damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) each and 30 grams of marshmallow seeds (Althaea officinalis L.), pound them all and mix with 5 grams of licorice powder (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) and divide them into 10 equal parts. Then chop 100 grams of currants with scissors and pour over it. Soak each part of it in one and a half glass of boiling water at night and boil it in the same water in the morning, then strain and sweeten the decoction and drink it. Soak its pulp again in one and a half glasses of boiling water and boil it at night and drink it.

There are different types of coughs, which include: dry cough, hot temperaments cough, successive cough, severe and hard cough, cough with shortness of breath, cough from blood and yellow bile, cough from moisture, phlegmatic cough along with shortness of breath, cough with sputum, bloody cough, nervous cough, cough with coronary artery spasm, cough with shortness of breath and side pain, old and chronic cough, whooping cough.

Dry Cough: When the cough is dry, it’s hard and rough and the secretions of the bronchi are not removed. You should avoid eating ice water, ice drinks, ice cream, pickles, spicy and fried foods, polluted and dusty air and smoking. Use more foods such as dates, almonds, strawberries, apple compote, quince seed mucilage, almond gum, sweet violet syrup (Viola odorata L.), and hyssop syrup (Hyssopus officinalis L.). As a treatment, mix sweet almond oil with a little grinded white gum tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer Labill.) and add some sugar and eat it. Mix raw onion juice and the same amount of honey and eat it. Burn a whole pomegranate, then grind it and mix it with honey and poultice it on the chest.

Hot Temperaments Coughs:

If you are hyperemia and you have hot and moist temperament and you have a cough, first perform venesection and reduce blood. Then reduce the heat through cold temperaments foods. In addition, the following foods will be effective for relieving this type of cough:

Non-alcoholic beer, plantago ovata mucilage, opium poppy syrup (Papaver somniferum), water lily syrup (Nymphaea alba L.), sweet violet syrup (Viola odorata L.), and purgative manna.

Successive Cough:

To relieve successive coughs in the morning, noon and night, brew 10 grams of dry peppermint leaves (Mentha piperita L.) in a glass of boiling water for 12 minutes. Then filter and sweetened it with honey and drink it.

Severe and Hard Coughs:

If you suffer from severe and hard coughs, take a cup of black pomegranate juice and drink it three times a day, or cut a black pomegranate into several pieces and boil it and drink its juice.

• Boil 60 grams of iris root (Iris persica L.) in one liter of boiling water for 10 minutes and infuse for 20 minutes, then sweeten it with honey and drink a cup of it every 45 minutes.
• Empty the inside of a large black radish and fill it with sugar. Close the lid and wait for a few hours, then eat the melted sugars inside.
• Boil 60 grams of cauliflower in one liter of water. Then mix 60 grams of honey with filtered water and drink it.

Cough with Shortness of Breath:

For such coughs, quince juice and jam will be very useful. But as a relief, you can boil some savory (Satureja hortensis) with a few figs and drink this decoction.

• Boil the mixture of fennel seed (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), maidenhair fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris L.) and figs, then drink its decoction that is filtered and sweeten.

Cough Caused by Blood and Yellow Bile:

If the cough is due to the predominance of blood or yellow bile, adjust the humors first and avoid eating ice water and frozen drinks, ice cream, pickles, spicy and fried foods, as well as breathing dusty and polluted air. And avoid smoking. And eat porridge every day.

• Mix grinded salep (Orchis mascula ) with a glass of boiled milk and drink it 5 days in the morning.
• Boil half-pounded jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), cleaned trehala manna, opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) and sweet violet flower (Viola odorata L.) in equal proportions and drink one tablespoon of its decoction every hour.
• Cook a pottage with rice, lots of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), turnips and pumpkin and eat.
• During the day and night, keep one or two Assyrian plum (Cordia myxa L.) in your mouth and swallow its juice.
• Grind pumpkin leaves, flowers and its seeds kernel, boil them and drink its decoction.
• Pumpkin flower, maidenhair fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris L.), Assyrian plum (Cordia myxa L.), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.), sweet violet flower (Viola odorata L.), quince seeds (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), mix them all in equal amount and boil. Strain and drink a cup of this decoction every morning, noon and night.

Mix equal amount of basil seeds (Ocimum basilicum L.), alyssum seed (Alyssum alyssoides), trehala manna, plantain seed (Plantago major L.), lallemantia seed, quince seed (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), and gum Arabic in equal amount and mix and boil a tablespoon of it with a little sugar every morning, noon and night. Gradually drink the decoction and seeds together warm. 5 times a day, mix gelatin powder with pure and grinded trehala manna and gum Arabic (Senegalia senegal) equal amount with boiling water and eat it warm. Chest and side warm cupping. Every day, boil 10 grams of each of blue mallow flower (Malva sylvestris L.), hyssop flower (Hyssopus officinalis L.), and sweet violet flower (Viola odorata L.). Dissolve 20 grams of manna of hedysarum in it, strain and drink it.

Cough from Moisture:

Cooked garlic, boiled milk with garlic, and squill bulb sekanjebin is useful.

Phlegmatic Cough along with Shortness of Breath:

To relieve phlegmatic temperaments cough along with shortness of breath, you should boil 250 grams of squill bulb vinegar with one kilogram of honey until it becomes thick and take one tablespoon every hour.

Cough with Sputum:

Mix and drink a glass of celery juice and lemon juice every in the morning and at night every day.

Bloody Cough:

To relieve cough with blood, burn a whole pomegranate, then grind it well and mix it with honey and apply it on the chest.

Nervous Cough:

To relieve nervous cough, you should eat lettuce and also drink common poppy flower decoction (Papaver rhoeas).

Cough Along with Coronary Artery Spasm:

To treat this kind of cough, heat 5 grams of Persian turpentine resin (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) and eat it before going to bed.

Cough with Shortness of Breath and Side Pain:

Mix mashed peeled mung beans with ground spinach and hordeum vulgare and eat every morning and evening.

Old and Chronic Cough:

Eat raw pistachios, drink daikon decoction (Raphanus sativus) and common primrose flower decoction (Primula vulgaris).

• Put a teaspoon of softened cinnamon in your mouth and eat it in the morning before breakfast.
• Mix 75 grams of crushed raw hazelnuts with honey and eat.
• Soak 30 grams of garden pansy flowers (Viola tricolor) in half a liter of cold water for 2 hours and boil it for 2 minutes, then infuse for 10 minutes. Strain the decoction and drink one cup every morning, noon and night. At the same time, you should avoid polluted air, dust, smoking, eating spicy and fried foods, ice water and iced drinks, ice cream, pepper, spices and confectionery.

Whooping Cough Whooping cough is a bacterial infection that causes a persistent cough. This disease can occur at any age, but it is usually more common under the age of 5. Whooping cough is a dangerous and extremely infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, which causes infection and swelling of the trachea (air tubes) and bronchi (airways) in the lungs. The bacteria is transmitted by suspended particles that are scattered in the air due to coughs and sneezes of the sick person. Whooping cough is accompanied by severe coughing that leads to bruises and finally a whooping sound when a person breathes.

Whooping cough is very dangerous in children and can even be fatal before the age of 12 months. Before an effective vaccine was available, whooping cough was the cause of many children’s deaths. The number of this disease has now been greatly reduced with the help of immunization of children.

Whooping Cough Symptoms

The first symptoms appear approximately 2 to 3 weeks after infection. These symptoms are mild and include dry cough, runny nose and sneezing like a common cold. During the initial stage, which lasts about 7 to 14 days, the disease is highly contagious. After this period, the symptoms worsen and usually include:

– Coughing attacks accompanied by a strong breath that produces a whooping sound. Cough attacks are usually more severe at night.

– Discharge of a large amount of sputum when coughing.

– Vomiting caused by severe and continuous coughing.

– Prolonged coughing attacks may cause small capillaries to rupture and cause redness, especially around the face, hairline, and eyes. Nosebleeds may also occur due to the rupture of nasal vessels. Problems associated with this disease include the possibility of pneumonia and bronchiectasis, in which the airways are abnormally widened. Children and babies may lose their breath for a while due to the severity of the cough. The resulting lack of oxygen may cause a heart attack (cardiac arrest) or brain damage.

Whooping Cough Treatment

The doctor can probably diagnose this condition in the child according to the condition of his/her cough sound. Of course, in adults, the symptoms may not be obvious. Therefore, the diagnosis can be completed by sampling the pharynx and nose to find whooping cough bacteria. Severely ill children should be taken to the hospital for observation. It may be necessary for the patient to be treated with oxygen and intravenous fluids. Symptoms of whooping cough usually disappear 4 to 15 weeks after onset, but dry coughs may last for several months.

The pertussis or whooping cough vaccine is usually given to children continuously during childhood as the triple DTP (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis) vaccine. Usually, pertussis immunization may carry a small risk of encephalitis, and if your child has the possibility of developing this condition, the doctor will inform you.

Whooping cough is also called “three-month cough”, because it is known that the moon should be found and hidden in the sky three times, and as soon as the patient’s eye falls on the third moon, he/she will be recovered. The following foods are useful for treating whooping cough: simple soup, pumpkin soup, turnip soup, turnip syrup, cooked starch, porridge, rice pudding, chickpeas stew, low fat cooked rice, egg yolk, grape diet, garlic, radish, orange, primrose flower decoction, infusion of Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora Boiss.), infusion of peony petals.

• Drink one tablespoon of licorice root decoction 6 times a day.
• Boil 3 grams of Persian borage flower, corn silk and maidenhair fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris L.) Pound some rock candy and pour it into the filtered decoction. Drink it gradually during 24 hours.
• Boil corn silk, sour cherry pits, yellow sweet clover kernel (Melilotus officinalis) and hyssop flowers (Hyssopus officinalis L.) equally and sweeten the decoction with rock candy and drink it 3 to 5 times a day.
• Grind dragon’s blood resin (Dracaena cinnabari) as big as 6 chickpeas six the same amount of sugar and eat it at bedtime for three nights.
• Infuse 10 grams of Indian lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) in one liter of boiling water for 12 minutes. Drink one cup of filtered decoction with honey between each meal.
• Peel and cut 4 apples. Pour one liter of water, a handful of raisins and 15 pieces of jujubes (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) on it, and boil for one hour. Strain the decoction and add 50 grams of sugar to it and boil it again until it becomes thick and consume it gradually throughout the day.
• Boil 2 cloves of garlic in a cup of milk every day and drink the milk until it is warm.
• Chop 40 to 60 grams of garlic and soak in 250 grams of hot water for 10 hours. Then drink a spoonful of that water every two hours.
• Infuse 30 grams of flowering and dried stems of thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) in one liter of boiling water for 12 minutes, then sweeten it with honey and drink 4 to 5 cups a day.
• Drink the juice of one black pomegranate every day and drink it.
• Grind 25 grams of fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and soak in a liter of red wine for 8 days and drink a cup after every meal.
• Brew 15 to 20 grams of Persian ziziphora (Ziziphora tenuior L.) in one liter of boiling water and drink it.
• Take fresh garden cress (Lepidium sativum) and drink 3 tablespoons of it every day in the morning, noon and night.
• Roast dried figs, then grind and eat them.
• Every morning and night, mix a tablespoon of fish oil with honey or lemon juice and eat it.
• Boil 20 grams of basil flowers, leaves and stems (Ocimum basilicum) with 20 grams of Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora Boiss.) in one liter of boiling water for 12 minutes. Filter the decoction, then add two tablespoons of honey to it and eat a few tablespoons of it every half an hour.
• Cook some leeks in milk every day and drink that milk.
• Strain a teaspoon of fennel seeds in a cup of hot water after 10 minutes of brewing. Sweeten the water with honey and drink it.

Whooping Cough after 3 Months

For the treatment of whooping cough that has lasted for more than 3 months and the cause is unknown, yellow sweet clover kernel (Melilotus officinalis), valerian root (Valeriana officinalis L.), sweet violet root (Viola odorata L.), grinded jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), gum Arabic (Senegalia senegal) 10 grams of each. Maidenhair fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris L.), trehala manna, prunus mahaleb, quince seed, marjoram (Origanum majorana L.), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) and hyssop flower (Hyssopus officinalis L.) 20 grams of each. Assyrian plum (Cordia myxa L.) and pumpkin flowers 40 grams each. Pansy flowers (Viola tricolor) 50 grams. Manna of hedysarum and licorice powder 60 grams each, dried squill bulb (Drimia maritima) 5 grams.

Mix them all and boil in a closed container. After the decoction cools down, filter it and boil it again until it thickens. Let it cool again. Put them in a closed bottle and eat a tablespoon of it 5 times a day.

 

References:

• Daeratol Maarif Giah Darmanie Iran (Noskhehaye Shafabakhsh), by Haji Sharifi, Ahmad (Attare Esfahani).