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Scientific Name:

1- Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó

2- Orchis mascula (L.) L.
Synonyms:

1- Orchis maculata L.

2- Orchis morio var. mascula L.
English Name:

1- Heath Spotted Orchid

2- Early Purple Orchid
Other Names in English (UK, USA, Canada, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand): Salep

Family: Orchidaceae

GENERAL DATA

Plant parts: Roots, Leaves
Cultivation mode: Wild collection\Cultivated
In manufacturing: Pharmaceutical, cosmetic, beverages.
In food: Ice cream, pudding, tea, dairy, dessert, sauce, sweets, chocolate, fast food, fruit juice.

🟣 Industries That Use Salep Bulbs

(Dactylorhiza maculata & Orchis mascula)
Salep bulbs, the dried tubers of wild orchids such as Dactylorhiza maculata and Orchis mascula, are prized for their thickening properties, mucilage content, and soothing herbal effects. Though both species share similar bioactive compounds, they are traditionally used across different regions for food, health, and specialty herbal applications.

🟣 What Is Salep (Orchid Tuber Flour)?

Salep is a starchy, mucilaginous powder made by drying and grinding the underground tubers (bulbs) of orchids—primarily species in the Orchis and Dactylorhiza genera. Rich in glucomannan, starches, and trace aromatic resins, it has been used for centuries in traditional food products and medicinal preparations.

These bulbs—especially from Orchis mascula—are valued for their high viscosity when boiled, which makes them ideal in desserts like Turkish dondurma (stretchy ice cream) and hot milk-based drinks like “salep.” Medicinally, they are employed as demulcents, respiratory aids, and digestive tonics.

1. Food & Beverage Industry 🍨

Salep is a traditional, natural thickener used in:

Mastic-based ice cream (e.g., Turkish dondurma)
Hot winter drinks and herbal milk tonics
Custards, puddings, and creamy confections
Specialty baked goods in traditional cuisines

✅ The high mucilage content of Orchis mascula makes it the preferred source for dense, chewy textures.

2. Pharmaceutical & Herbal Medicine Industry 💊

Salep bulbs are included in:

Herbal demulcent preparations for cough and sore throat
Gastrointestinal soothers (ulcers, heartburn, gastritis)
Aphrodisiac and energy-tonic formulas in Unani and Persian medicine
Herbal mucilage capsules and powders for inflammation

✅ Often used in powdered or decocted form; prized for its gentle, soothing action on mucous membranes.

3. Nutraceutical & Functional Supplement Industry 🧃

Due to its prebiotic and gut-soothing nature, salep is sometimes found in:

Digestive health and gut-lining supplements
Adaptogenic or tonifying herbal blends
Natural food-based functional powders

✅ Acts as a thickener and mild gut prebiotic in health drinks and blends.

4. Cosmetic & Personal Care Industry 🧴

Though niche, salep mucilage has experimental use in:

Soothing skin creams and face masks
Herbal balms for inflamed or dry skin
Anti-aging and hydrating formulas

✅ Explored for its texture-enhancing and anti-inflammatory properties.

5. Cultural & Ceremonial Use 🕌

In traditional societies, salep is used in:

Sacred or seasonal drinks in winter festivals
Symbolic healing foods in Balkan, Persian, and Turkish rituals
Traditional “comfort foods” for convalescence

✅ Often blended with milk, cinnamon, or mastic for warmth and nourishment.

🟣 Summary Table – Salep Bulbs (Orchid Tubers)

Industry	Common Uses
Food & Beverage	Ice cream, herbal drinks, confections, custards
Pharmaceutical & Herbal	Demulcent, respiratory & digestive aid, aphrodisiac
Nutraceutical	Prebiotic, adaptogenic blends, gut-lining support
Cosmetics	Hydrating creams, soothing herbal skincare
Cultural & Ceremonial	Traditional winter drinks, festive food

🌱 Key Features:

Derived from wild or cultivated orchid species like Dactylorhiza maculata and Orchis mascula
Contains glucomannan, starches, and natural resins
Used as a natural thickener, mucilage, and herbal tonic
Plays roles in traditional foods, natural medicine, and cultural rituals
Highly regulated in some countries due to overharvesting of wild orchids

PRODUCT NAME IN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES

Persian Name: ثَعلَب/ Salab
German Name (Deutschland, Austria, Switzerland): Geflecktes Knabenkraut, Maennliche Orchis, Männliches Knabenkraut, Stattliches Knabenkraut
French Name (France, Belgium, Switzerland, Quebec): Orchis tacheté

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About Salep

The Orchis is a perennial plant that reaches fifty centimeters in height and has many species. It has only one relatively thick stem, the upper part of which turns red, and its cross section is circular. The leaves are elongated, oval, and soft. They have long veins. They grow without petioles and are similar to the leaves of the lily plant. There are several red and dark spots on the surface of the leaves of this plant. These leaves grow from the bottom of the plant near the ground.

The flowers grow in clusters at the top of the stem. These flowers are purple-pink and have tongues, and there is a long and narrow appendage behind them. These flowers have tongue-shaped petals, relatively large, and several oval and small petals. The tongue-shaped petals have two relatively deep grooves on which some bright pink dots can be seen.

This plant has two oval and pale brown underground bulbs, which are white and slightly transparent inside. These bulbs are placed next to each other, one is full and the other is hollow. Its taste is sweet, sticky and slightly spicy. The underground bulb of some Orchis species has four to six branches and resembles a very small hand.

Orchis Mascula Chemical Constituents

The preliminary phytochemical screening showed that the crude extract of Orchis mascula contained alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, terpenes, sterols and flavonoids(9). The tuber of Orchis mascula contained glucoside, bitter substance, saponins 4%, starch 2.7- 21.92%, mucilage 48%, moisture 10.62%, sugar 1%, nitrogenous compounds 5 %, albumen, a trace of volatile oil and ash 2% containing chiefly phosphates and chlorides of potassium and lime.

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Salep Temperament

Hot and moist

Salep Health Benefits

If pounded Salep eaten up to 8 grams, it is expectorant and soften the chest, astringent, tonic and nutritious, it is haemapoietic, strengthens the nerves, it is useful for treating tetanus, dry seizures, paralysis and Parkinson. It is good for children and people with sensitive stomachs.
If you brew and drink it, it is laxative and is good for ear congestion.
Mix it with boiled milk and drink it before breakfast for 5 days. Treats a cough which is caused by blood and yellow bile.
Mix Salep’s pulverized powder with a little Cocoa powder and some milk. Eating it is beneficial for children who are weak.
If you eat it with dilute vinegar, it increase the sexual power.
Hold Salep in your mouth and suck. Relieves dry coughs and hoarseness.
Knead its powder with Rose oil and Olive oil and rub it on the head. It is effective for hair growth and preventing hair loss.

Side Effects of Salep

It is harmful for the aperture of stomach and for hot temperaments, eating too much of Orchis causes weakness of the gastrointestinal tract and nervous system.

Orchis leaves

If a woman pound it with Saffron and some musk and puts it in the uterus as a suppository and sleeps with her husband, if there is no specific physiological defect, she will most likely get pregnant the first time.

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Medical disclaimer

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Salep, Orchis mascula and Orchis maculata

Salep for Sale, Buy Sahlep