Synonyms: Encephalartos pungens (L.f. ex Aiton) Lehm., Phoenix chevalieri D.Rivera, S.Ríos & Obón, Zamia pallida Salisb.
English Name: Dates
Other Names in English: Date Palm
Family: Arecaceae
Persian Name: خرما، رطب/ Khorma, Rotab
German Name: Datteln
French Name: Dattier
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About Phoenix dactylifera
It is a fruit of a plant of the Palmaceae family, a tree that grows to a height of 10 to 20 meters. Phoenix dactylifera has a cylindrical trunk, erect and upright and without branches, on which the traces of old tree cuts remain as protrusions. The fruit, which is in the form of large clusters with light brown and dark brown colors, is fleshy and sweet, some of which have a core and some have no core.
The core of the fruits is 1-3 centimeters long and its diameter is 2-5 millimeters. There are several types of date fruits that have different colors and flavors. Dates are native to tropical regions of Africa and Saudi Arabia and are also planted in other warm regions of the world. In Iran, they are planted in all tropical regions of the country, including Qasr Shirin, various regions of Khuzestan, Kerman, Fars, Baluchistan and central regions.
The pith of the young stems of the Palm tree (Hearts of Palm) is milky white. When the branches of the old leaves are cut, a small part of the ends of these branches remains on the trunk of the tree; therefore, the Palm tree trunk has many roughs.
Chemical Constituents
It is rich in carbohydrates, dietary fibers, proteins, minerals and vitamin B complex, such as thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic (B5), pyridoxine (B6), and folate (B9). In more details, carbohydrates forms 70% of date fruit and are mostly fructose and glucose in equal ratio while date proteins are rich in amino acids that contain acidic side chain but poor in methionine and cysteine, which their side chain composed of sulfur. Minerals in date fruits are calcium, iron, magnesium, selenium, copper, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, sulfur, cobalt, fluorine, manganese, and boron.
Metabolites such as terpenes (a group of lipids), phenolics (derived from carbohydrates), alkaloids (derived from amino acids) which are characteristic of a limited range of species and have a biological effect on other organism. Date fruit is rich in phytochemicals such as carotenoids, polyphenols (e.g., phenolic acids, isoflavons, lignans, and flavonoids), tannins, and sterols.
Temperament: Some considers Phoenix Dactylifera hot and a little moist and some hot and a little dry.
The nature of Hearts of Palm is cold in the second degree and dry in the first degree.
Health Benefits
Harms: Dried dates are heavy and slow to digest and harmful to the hot temperaments, in places where dates are not grown, it is not permissible to eat too many dates; because it causes black bile, liver cirrhosis, headaches and toothaches.
Modifier: Pomegranate juice, Sekanjebin, oils, opium poppy seeds, skinless almond kernels, chewing tarragon, or rinsing the mouth with sumac soaked in warm water.
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