Horehound

Description

Scientific Names: Marrubium vulgare L.
Synonym: Marrubium album Garsault
English Name: Horehound
Other names in English: White Horehound, Common Horehound
Family: Lamiaceae




Persian Name: فراسیون- فراسیون سفید- گندنای کوهی/ Farasiun- Farasiune Sefid- Gandnay Kouhi
German Name: Echter Andorn, Gewöhnlicher Andorn
French Name: Marrube, Marrube blanc, Marrube vulgaire

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About Horehound

It is an herbaceous and perennial plant whose height reaches seventy centimeters.

The stems of this plant are hairy, greenish-white, and relatively thick, and their cross section is almost square.

The leaves of this plant are heart-shaped, circular, soft, and slightly wrinkled and grow oppositely. On the surface of the leaves, there are many furrows and white fluff and their edges are jagged.

Its flowers are white, small, slightly elongated and have tongues, and they grow in clusters at the junction of the leaves and the stem at regular intervals.

The taste of the stem, leaves, and flowers of Horehound is bitter.

At the end of each flower and inside a small tank, there are small, slightly elongated, almost drop-shaped, and black seeds.

Temperament: Second degree of hot and third degree of dry.

Chemical Constituents

Monoterpenes such as camphene, p-cymol, fenchene, limonene, α-pinene, sabinene, and α-terpinolene. Non-volatile monoterpene derivatives are also present in the plant with monoterpene marrubic acid and monoterpene glycoside sacranoside A (myrtenyl 6-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-β-d-glucopyranoside) as identified compounds, sesquiterpene lactone vulgarin, β-sitosterole, lupeol, and β-amyrin types of triterpenoids such as oleanolic acid have been identified in M. vulgare extract.

M. vulgare accumulates diterpenes of labdane type as principle bitter components, up to 3 mg/g of fresh weight, with marrubiin being the predominant one (0.12–1%) followed by its precursor pre-marrubiin (0.13%), 12(S)-hydroxymarrubiin, 11-oxomarrubiin, 3-deoxo-15(S)-methoxyvelutine, marrubenol, marruliba-acetal, cyllenil A, polyodonine, and preleosibirin. In addition, peregrinol, peregrinin, dihydroperegrinin, vulgarol, vulgarcoside A, deacetylvitexilactone, carnosol, deacetylforskolin are present in diterpenoid fraction.

Health Benefits

Eating 1.5 to 3 gram of Horehound with sugar or honey or figs expel thick excrement from the body and is useful for constipation, phlegm cough and shortness of breath. Eating 1.5 gram of this herb with Sweet Violet syrup or Jallab sherbet (boiled rock candy, rose water and saffron) empty the chest and lungs from hemoptysis and pus and improves moist cough and chest and lung ulcers.

Eating 1.5 to 3 gram of Horehound with hyssop decoction and sweet almond oil expel slimy mucus from the chest and lungs. If you boil wheat in water, then strain it, add 15 grams of dried Horehound to it, boil it till it thickens and strain it, drinking it lukewarm for seven consecutive days will cure severe coughs.

Drinking the extract of Horehound removes the harm of the poisonous spice. Its brewed tea or its extract with damask rose oil or olive oil is a solvent for slimy phlegm and thick excrement, and improves intestinal pain and spleen pain. Drinking Horehound with Iris germanica or sitting in this decoction can ease childbirth, and it is emmenagogue. Chewing this herb and swallowing its juice is useful to relieve stomach pains.

Chewing it strengthens the teeth and cures oral diseases. Ear drops of Horehound extract removes its excrement, opens the blockage, and helps to cure chronic earache. Eye drops of it with honey in the eyes removes white spots and yellow color which is caused by jaundice and is useful for scabies, epiphora, dark vision and cataracts. Horehound snuff improves jaundice. Incense of horehound to the eyes removes the yellowness of the eyes caused by jaundice.

Its poultice is useful for rabid dog bites. Fresh horehound poultice under the navel helps to relieve intestinal cramps and pain. Its poultice with honey improves side pain and shortness of breath. Cooked Horehound poultice with honey and water is a pus remover for old and chronic infectious wounds and a solution for edema, removes rotten flesh and heals nail pain, scrofula, abscess, and wounds. Poultice of boiling water with Sweet Violet oil is useful for eyelid swelling.

Putting cooked Horehound in water and olive oil on the upper part of the genital organ of men and women relieves bladder pain caused by urine retention. Rubbing the eyes with sour pomegranate juice and then with Horehound is very useful to remove epiphora.

Drinking decoction of its flower and drinking its fresh seed extract with honey heals lung ulcer. Drinking the decoction of Horehound flower and drinking its dry seeds extract with Iris germanica expels the wastes mucus of the chest and relieves chronic cough.

Dose: Up to 8 grams

Harms: Pregnant women. Horehound is very harmful for the kidney and bladder, and eating too much of it causes bloody urine.

Modifiers: Tragacanth, honey, valerian root and fennel seed.

Medical disclaimer

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